Fairness of language tests and testing practices has been a concern among test developers and test users. The 19th annual Language Testing Research Colloquium h

A state-of-the-art reference work exploring the crucial topics for practitioners and scholars of language teaching and assessment, their impact on language lear

Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Series Editor Preface -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 The Need for Evaluation -- 2

This book has two goals, each related to the validity of language assessment. The first goal is to explore the difference between fairness and justice in langua

Language tests play pivotal roles in education, research on learning, and gate-keeping decisions. The central concern for language testing professionals is how