Optimization techniques have developed into a significant area concerning industrial, economics, business, and financial systems. With the development of engine

This book is a new contribution aiming to give some last research findings in the field of optimization and computing. This work is in the same field target tha

Without mathematics no science would survive. This especially applies to the engineering sciences which highly depend on the applications of mathematics and mat

In contemporary engineering domains, optimization and decision-making issues are crucial. Given the vast amounts of available data, processing times and memory

Combinatorial optimization is the process of finding the best, or optimal, so lution for problems with a discrete set of feasible solutions. Applications arise