This work analyzes vegetation and soils, and investigates the influence of climate change, insect pests, grazing pressure by sheep and reindeer, construction of

With detailed essays on the Arctic's environment, wildlife, climate, history, exploration, resources, economics, politics, indigenous cultures and languages, co

The Nordic subarctic-subalpine birch forest belt is unique to Fennoscandia, the Kola Peninsula, Iceland and southern Greenland. The area is characterized by ext